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The Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Measurements was established in 2000 in order to undertake high quality experiments either in its experimental tank or in the open sea, support the Wave Propagation group with laboratory experiments, expand the areas of interest of the Institute to other applications of ultrasound measurements and provide services to interested groups, agencies and companies.

The laboratory applications include conduction of scaled ocean acoustic propagation experiments, bottom reconstruction experiments, layer identification and acoustic parameters estimation, calibration of acoustic sources and hydrophones, non-destructive testing of materials, as well as outdoor measurements, including localization experiments, measurements of acoustic signatures, ambient noise, shipping noise and bioacoustic measurements in the audible and ultrasound regime.

The Laboratory’s Infrastructure consists mainly of an experimental tank (2,5m x 1,5m x 1,3m) with electronically controlled system of axes with two independent arms and four degrees of freedom, a pulser-receiver, a waveform generator, oscilloscopes, Signal and Power Amplifiers, Data Acquisition cards (on board and USB), Ultrasonic transducers (200-700kHz) and laboratory omni-directional hydrophones (10Ηz -120kHz).

It’s Infrastructure for in situ (open sea) experiments includes a low frequency sound source, pingers, transponders and temperature and depth recorders, two towed array systems with three and two hydrophones respectively, omni-directional hydrophones suitable for use in the sea environment (10Ηz -280kHz) and autonomous underwater noise recorders developed and manufactured in the laboratory.

• Open water tank (2.5x1.5x1.3 m) with an automatic positioning system providing 4+1 degrees of freedom
• Steel pressure tank (20 bars, Φ 300mm, 1.2m)
• Custom made Buoys
• One small tank (1.40 x 0.50 x 0.70 m)
• 2 Autonomous Underwater Acoustic Recorders
• 4 Experimental models of auto-recording systems
• 2 High speed Data Acquisition cards (PC boards)
• 4 multichannel portable data acquisition cards
• 1 pulser-receiver
• 11 Hydrophones for use in the Laboratory and in the sea
• 4 Hydrophone towed array systems
  
• 22 Piezoelectric directional ultrasound transducers (500kHz-5MHz) for experiments in the tank
• 4 amplifiers (2 AC and 2 battery powered)
• 3 Waveform generators (One of them portable)
• One acoustic source (250 Hz - 20.000 Hz) with its amplifier
• One, 4 channel oscilloscope
• 4 Temperature and Depth Recorders (TDR) for use in the sea
• 1 Deep sea Temperature and Depth Recorder
  
• 2 pingers and two transponders for use in sea experiments
• One deep sea pinger
• Computer Infrastructure (desktop/portable)
  

The Laboratory actively participated in the development and construction of systems for recording, storing and transmitting underwater sounds.  

Specifically, within the framework of the SaveWhales program, it has developed and operated a pilot system for the detection and localization of cetacean mammals (sperm whales) in real time in the sea of Southwestern Crete, while informing the MarineTraffic maritime traffic platform to alert the vessels in the area to avoid collisions. The system was first put into trial operation from July to September 2020 and in normal operation from May to September 2021.

Within the framework of the QuietMed program, an autonomous underwater environmental noise recorder was developed, constructed and calibrated. The recorder was used in pilot experiments conducted near Heraklion, Crete and Southwestern Crete near Paleochora, Chania. The experiments had either a short duration (2-3 hours) or a medium duration (3-8 days).

An improved version of the autonomous underwater environmental recorder was developed as part of the PeRan project. This new device is larger than the original recorder in order to accommodate more batteries, but most importantly has an adjustable recording interface that allows to be programmed to listen and register only sounds of specific characteristics such as above a certain amplitude threshold and/or within a certain frequency bandwidth. The new device that has the same hardware components as the original, with the exception of batteries was tested at sea for a number of different experimental scenaria. 

Also, in the framework of the cooperation with the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) (AUTOREC project), four (4) experimental models of auto-recording systems for the measurement of underwater sound were developed by the laboratory for the recording of underwater sound and suitable for installation at the measuring stations of the POSEIDON network. These autographs have specifications for operation at depths of up to 200 meters and a recording autonomy (with a sampling frequency of 50kHz) of at least 6 months (in a duty cycle of 1%). Already two of them have been placed in stations of the POSEIDON network in Athos and Mykonos.

For any information regarding the Laboratory please contact:

Panagiotis Papadakis,
Underwater Acoustic Measurements Laboratory,
Institute of Applied and Computational Mathematics,
Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas
Nikolaou Plastira 100, Vassilika Vouton,
GR 700 13 Heraklion, Crete, GREECE

E-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Tel: +30 2810 391786 (office), +30 2810 391885 (lab)